Which statement is false ? Group of answer choices The lifetime of an intracellular signaling molecule must be short for the cell to be able to cause a change in the concentration of the signaling molecule in an efficient manner. PKA is more closely related to PKC than to PKG at the amino acid level. Components of intracellular signaling pathways can be small molecules, proteins or lipids. Second messengers can convey a signal via a change in their steady state level. Negative feedback systems play important roles in regulating cellular signaling.

Statement B. PKA is more closely related to PKC than to PKG at the amino acid level.

Explanation:

PKC is not related to the PKA more than PKG as PKA and PKG is both have binding domains to attach with nucleoside monophosphate and help in modulating these enzymes that explains that PKA is more related to the PKG than PKC at the level of amino acid.

Both are activated by the nucluoside triphosphate, more precisely PKA by cAMP and PKG is by cGMP respectively, whereas PKC is activated by DAG or Ca or both depending on the isofom.

Thus, the correct answer is - option B.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

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