Simple multicellularity has evolved independently in at least 25 lineages, whereas complex multicellularity has only evolved in a select few. Which of the following BEST supports this observation?

a. complex multicellularity requires fewer evolutionary steps to achieve than simple multicellularity
b. bulk flow requires cells to tolerate crowding conditions such as elevated concentration of waste
c. elements necessary for coordinated multicellularity are present in some single-celled organisms
d. simple multicellularity requires fewer evolutionary steps to achieve than complex multicellularity

Which class of molecules contains the amino group, nh2 (a) sugars (b) water (c) proteins (d) hydrocarbons

In tossing one coin 10 times, what are your chances for tossing a head? a tail? 2. in tossing one coin 100 times, what are your chances for tossing a head? a tail? 3. in tossing one coin 200 times, what are your chances for tossing a head? a tail? deviation = ((absolute value of the difference between expected heads and observed heads) + (absolute value of the difference between expected tails and observed tails)) divided by total number of tosses. this value should always be positive. 4. what is the deviation for 10 tosses? 5. what is the deviation for the 100 tosses? 6. what is the deviation for 200 tosses? 7. how does increasing the total number of coin tosses from 10 to 100 affect the deviation? 8. how does increasing the total number of tosses from 100 to 200 affect the deviation? 9. what two important probability principles were established in this exercise? 10. the percent of occurrence is the obtained results divided by the total tosses and multiplied by 100%. toss the coins 100 times and record your results. calculate the percent occurrence for each combination. percent head-head occurrence: percent tail-tail occurrence: percent head-tail occurrence:

Are salt and soap nutrients or toxins for yeast? explain.