A scientist is studying an organism with a mutation which reduces the efficiency of tetrad formation. This defect would most likely affect the ability to:

If during meiosis the efficiency to form tetrads is reduced or absent -due to a mutation- this defect would most likely affect the ability to align homologous chromosome at the metaphase plate.

Explanation:

Options for this question are:

a) Breakdown the nuclear membrane

b) Duplicate centrosomes

c) Assemble spindle microtubules

d) Establish spindle poles

e) Align homologous chromosome at the metaphase plate

During the zigoteno of the prophase I (meiosis) the bivalent chromosomes are formed, product of the pairing of genes. Each of the chromosomes of a pair is constituted by two sister chromatids, resulting in a structure called tetrad, due to the existence of four chromatids.

If in the next phase, metaphase, tetrad (four chromatides) has not formed, alignment in the equator and spindle synthesis is not possible, so the metaphase plate is not formed and the respective chromosomes cannot migrate to cell poles.

Learn more:

Metaphase I link

a. by using fur or clothes to trap heat energy near the body

after a the power stroke, adp is released, but the cross-bridge formed is still in place. atp then binds to myosin, moving the myosin to its high-energy state, releasing the myosin head from the actin active site.