In muscle, when the AMP: ATP ratio is high, select all the statements that are MOST LIKELY true:

a. Insulin levels in the body are high.
b. Glycolysis is upregulated.
c. Muscle is in a lower energy state and needs to generate ATP.
d. Muscle is breaking down due to lack of energy in the cell.
e. PFK2 is active.

c. Muscle is in a lower energy state and needs to generate ATP.

Explanation:

Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is the main source of energy for the muscle cells. Every time muscle cell use energy from ATP, it will change into ADP + P. The number of ATP, ADP and AMP are regulated by adenylate kinase reaction that makes equilibrium reaction of  

2ADP ↔ ATP + AMP

If the number of AMP: ATP is high, it means that there are a lot of AMP around that formed by the high number of ADP. ADP formed when muscle use energy, so the high ratio of AMP: ATP means the muscle energy state is low and need more ATP.

i'm sorry, but can you list the answers? i cannot with something i don't know the answers to

,

chris