Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation are part of the subdiscipline of microbiology referred to as

Industrial Microbiology.

Explanation: Industrial microbiology is a subdiscipline of Microbiology which uses microorganisms for industrial purposes such as wastewater treatment, food preservation etc. Industrial microbiology is useful in many ways such as using microorganisms to degenerate and degrade contaminants of industry and petroleum wastes.

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a. decomposes use carbon from dead organisms as fuel for cellular respiration, returning carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere.