Today there are now at least thirteen species of finches on the Galapagos Islands and all of them evolved from one ancestral species, which colonized the islands a few million years ago. What steps lead to speciation and a diverse range of finch types?

Answers:

a.) The ancestral finch was a ground-dwelling, seed-eating finch.

b.) The ecological niches throughout the islands exert selection pressures that push specific birds in various directions.

c.) In the original population of finches, variations existed.

f.) Different physical traits helped certain finches survive in certain niches, eating specific food.

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