Transposable elements make up 44% of the human genome. What is thought to be their function?

Transposable elements are considered to be responsible for vast range of genome diversity and gene silencing.

Explanation:

Transposable elements are short sequences of DNA that have the ability to move from one location to another in the genome. During this process they copy themselves.

The entire process carried out by transposable elements to copy themselves and move from one location to another is called transposition.

Transposition may result in mutation and is potentially a major source of genome diversity and change. If a transposon inserts itself into the coding region of a gene,it interrupts the coding sequence and inactivates the gene expression.

In addition to this, a transposable element may contain transcription or translation termination signal that will block the gene expression downstream of insertion site.

parasites can detrimentally affect their host, but also must not allow their host to die before they can complete their life cycle. some parasites have complex life cycles with many different hosts, and have had to find ways of persisting in many different environments during the change from one host to another. ectoparasites live outside the body of the host, and can more easily  disperse, but are  more exposed to predators, parasites, parasitoids. endoparasites live inside the body of the host, and are therefore protected from the outside environment. but they can be  attacked by the host's immune system. they have therefore developed  mechanisms for dispersal such as  complex life cycles.