Why are lichens called soil formers

Lichens are not parasitic when they grow on trees, they just use the tree bark as a home. They enrich the soil by trapping water, dust and silt. When lichens die they contribute organic matter to the soil, improving the soil so that other plants can grow there.

common management practices in dairy and poultry farming are: (i) proper shelter facilities and their regular cleaning. (ii) some basic hygienic conditions such as clean water, nutritious food, etc. (iii) animals are kept in spacious, airy, and ventilated place.

thats not a question