4. explain water potential and describe how it affects osmosis. ? .

water potential is the measure of the energy of water to move from one area to another.

Explanation: water potential effects osmosis in a way that water needs to move through membrane and for this movement it requires pressure which makes water potential high so water movement will be faster across the membrane. Water potential determines water movement in osmosis that water move from high water potential region to low water potential region. If water potential is high inside than outside, then water movement to outside will be more.

If water potential is high outside than inside then water will move more inside. If water potential is the same in and outside then water movement inside and outside will be same and this will be called as equilibrium.

that would be called plucking : )

explanation:

''plucking, also referred to as quarrying, is a glacial phenomenon that is responsible for the erosion and transportation of individual pieces of bedrock, especially large "joint blocks". as a glacier moves down a valley, friction causes the basal ice of the glacier to melt and infiltrate joints (cracks) in the bedrock."

oxygen = 21% of the atmosphere

nitrogen = 78%

carbon dioxide = 0.1%

argon =0.934%