9. the binding together of an enzyme and a substrate forms what?

Lock and key/ enzyme-substrate complex

Explanation:

Enzymes have a precise place on their surface called the active site to which the substrate molecules get attached. The shape of the active site and the presence of various chemical groups ensure that only those substrates with a complimentary structure can bind. Only specific substrates can bind to a particular enzyme. This phenomenon of enzyme action is called the lock and key hypothesis.

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.  

you didn't give any options but heres what i can tell you: an inference is likely to change based on additional observations. the latter is something that you have seen or sensed using your sensory organs while the former is like a conclusion out from what you have observed.