How might research on the flow of matter and energy through ecosystems be to creating a colony on mars?

What causes the force that pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe and vent of a volcano?

Tara sees a commercial for a brand of pills that promise to boost energy and people perform better in work and school. as people in the commercial talk about how much better they feel when taking the pill, tara notices a message on the bottom of the screen that reads, "this pill is not approved by doctors and has not been tested in controlled experiments." what is the best conclusion that tara should make about the commercial? it is making scientific claims based on subjective observations. it is making scientific claims based on opinions instead of pseudoscientific facts. it is making pseudoscientific claims based on objective observations. it is making pseudoscientific claims based on opinions instead of scientific facts.

How does the study of genetic disorders such as pku biologists understand normal alleles?