In which process do some macromolecules get assembled from smaller components and other macromolecules get degraded to yield energy?

Digestion including hydrolysis

Explanation:

In the process of digestion, bigger food molecules are broken down into smaller macro molecules. These macro-molecules in later stage are absorbed or accumulated by cell and further broken down to release energy. It is during the process of hydrolysis,  

Where big macro-molecules are broken into smaller polymers and further into monomers thereby releasing energy. This chemical process is assisted by an enzyme in the presence of water molecules.  

the backbone of the dna and rna compound is sugar phosphate.

producers: apple trees, potatoes, carrots, grains, acorns, cabbage, grass, corn, lettuce

consumers: deer, mice, rabbits, chickens, squirrels, horses, worms, cows

predators: eagles, frogs, wolves, owls