During photosynthesis, light energy is converted to the energy in chemical bonds. what also happens according to the predictions of the second law of thermodynamics?
a. chemical energy is converted to light energy
b. matter is lost in the process
c. heat is released in the process
d. the light and chemical energy are equal

The correct option is c. c. heat is released in the process.

Explanation:

Thermodynamics is the study of the behavior of heat energy and the ways in which energy is transformed into heat. The second law of thermodynamics indicates that from one form of energy to another (mechanical energy to chemical heat and vice versa) there is loss of energy in the form of heat. This form of energy, known as heat, is degraded energy, which is simply disorganized movement of molecules. The second law of thermodynamics implies that there is always a tendency towards greater disorder or entropy. To counteract entropy, that is to create order, energy must be used. This can be observed in a natural ecosystem: the energy emitted by the sun is captured by plants and converted into energy stored by photosynthetic processes.  

Photosynthesis is the process in which the energy of light is converted into chemical energy in the form of sugars. The energy accumulated by plants during photosynthesis is called primary productivity. The solar energy that reaches the surface of an ecosystem is only used approximately 1%, because the losses are considerable until reaching primary production. In effect, approximately 45% of the available light is absorbable by photosynthetic organelles; a part of the potential radiation is reflected; another part is transmitted by the vegetal organs, that is to say, that passes through them, and the absorbed energy is transformed into heat.