In eukaryotes, different groups of proteins regulate transcription initiation. classify all of the transcription-associated proteins and protein components by their role in transcription. initiates transcription increases transcription decreases transcription coactivator activator repressor general transcription factor

Proteins named transcription factors, help set specific genes on or off by binding to the DNA.

Explanation:

A co-activator is the type of transcription factor that binds to the activators to increase the process of transcription.An activator is the type of transcription factor that increases transcription.A repressor is the type of transcription factor that decreases or prevents the transcription by blocking the RNA polymerase to the promoter. A general transcription factor, also known as a basal transcription factor, is a type of transcription factor that initiates transcription.

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answer: carbon 14 can only be used to determine the age of the organisms that were once living, and igneous rocks are non living.

explanation:

carbon 14 dating is used to determine the age of the sample by estimating the amount of carbon 14 present in the sample and then comparing it with a reference standard.carbon 14 is a isotope of carbon which is radioactive and unstable. carbon 14 is assimilated by all plants and animals throughout their life from carbon dioxide. however, one the organisms die they stop this assimilation and the carbon 14 content starts to decrease.by knowing how much of carbon 14 is left in an organism after his death, one can estimate the age of the organism. the materials whose age can be estimated by carbon 14 method are the organic compounds. however, some inorganic compounds such as aragonite   shell can also be dated.however, if we consider the igneous rocks it is a non living component which never accumulated carbon 14 in it and thus, we cannot use carbon 14 dating method to estimate its age.