Consider the evolution of protostomes (chapter 31) and deuterostomes (this chapter):
(1) compare adaptations in protostomes and deuterostomes for living on land.
(2) recall that changes in the expression patterns of tool-kit genes in arthropods such as insects enabled a dramatic diversification of their segmented appendages and bodies. design an experiment to test whether this concept applies to vertebrates.

Humans are believed to have evolved in coastal regions in east africa. the region had an abundant supply of fish for early humanoids to eat. when scientists analyze the fads gene they see an interesting pattern. people whose families have lived in this area of east africa for generation show a high level of diversity in alleles for the fads gene. conversely, people whose families had migrated inland a moderate distance from sources of fish showed a much lower diversity for fads gene alleles. additionally, the fads alleles found in people whose family has lived inland for generation are almost all gene alleles which produce fads proteins with a high level of function and activity. how do anthropologists explain this?

Give an example of a trait that is controlled by more than one gene.

Ture or false evidence for evolution includes millions of fossils