Why are the primers used to amplify the d1s80 region complementary to unique sequence outside the actual repeats, instead of using primers that would be directly complementary to the actual repeats?

Explanation:

D1S80 is a VNTR locus (a locus with a variable number of tandem repeats). It's a widely-used polymorphic locus used to differentiate individuals. At the moment 29 alleles for this locus are described, with a length ranging between 200bp to 800bp, depending on how many repetitions of a 16 bp sequence are there.

If primers complementary to the 16bp repeats were used, they could bind any of the repetitions, so in an agarose gel you would see a smear because after the PCR you would amplify in each cycle a product of different length, depending on where the primers bound to the template.

The goal is to detect the polymorphism between individuals, which depends on the length of the sequence that contains the tandem repeats. To obtain only one PCR product that contains all the repeats in the allele, flanking primers are used.

for 8 am not sure maybe yes?

for 9 if it is asking if the male is more or less it would be less

hope i even just a little : )

a researcher conducts an experiment on the secretion of a particular hormone in mice. scientists inject mice with a substance that stimulates the production of the hormone. the scientists then test the levels of hormones produced by the mice. the tool used to measure the hormones consistently detects the levels at 10 points lower than the actual hormone levels in the mice. this tool makes measurements, but the measurements aren't .

explanation:

no u