How is carbon exchanged between biosphere and geosphere to maintain life

The geosphere transfers carbon to the biosphere when volcanic eruptions occur. Burning fuels like carbon dioxide, fossils, gasoline also transfers carbon from the geosphere to the biosphere.

Carbon is incorporated into the geosphere when an organism dies. The carbon then forms fossils fuels etc. which are consumed by humans. The shells becoming limestone also transfers carbon. These limestones are used by humans for various purposes.

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on the planet jupiter, the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 26 m s2 , roughly 2.7 times the acceleration due