The three-dimensional shape of a protein is determined by the primary, secondary, tertiary, and in many cases, the quaternary structure of the protein. the following sentences are taken from a scientific article on protein structure. select the level of protein structure that applies in each case. "hydrogen bonds between peptide backbone components form a distinct helical structure."

Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy. which molecules are the end product of this transformation of energy in this reaction?

In a hypothetical breed of dogs, coat color is controlled by two genes. there are six different coat colors in this breed: black, brown, cream, gray, silver, and tan. consider the following crosses. cross 1: black females from a lineage of all black dogs are crossed with brown males from a lineage of all brown dogs. f1 males and females are all black. when f1 are intercrossed, f2 males and females are black or brown. cross 2: black females from a lineage of all black dogs are crossed with tan males from a lineage where all males are tan and all females are cream. f1 males are black, f1 females are gray. when f1 are intercrossed, f2 males and females are black, brown, gray, or tan. cross 3: silver females from a lineage where all females are silver and all males are gray are crossed with brown males from a lineage of all brown dogs. f1 males and females are all gray. when f1 are intercrossed, f2 males are black, brown, gray, or tan, f2 females are cream, gray, silver, or tan. select the correct statements regarding the mode of inheritance of the coat color genes. a) both genes are x-linked. b) both genes are autosomal. c) one of the genes modifies the expression of the other gene. d) each gene has an additive effect on the intensity of coat color. e) each gene independently specifies three colors. f) one of the genes is autosomal, and the other is x-linked.

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. researchers have created a robot that has a very thin leg that is moved by cardiac (heart) cells contracting in unison. the robot, made of a polymer similar to that used in making contact lenses, is bathed in heart cells with supporting cells, which then attach to the robot and provide movement as they contract. all of the cardiac cells working together can cause the robot leg to move in a way that individual cells could not. this is an example of a. emergent properties of cells. b. energy flow through an ecosystem. c. adaptation. d. internal environment regulation.