Which of the following statements is false?
a. the second law of thermodynamics predicts that although localized areas may temporarily increase in the degree of order, the overall randomness of the universe will not decrease
b. energy flow in ecosystems is linear, or one-way
c. photosynthesis converts the energy of the sun into stored chemical energy
d. cellular respiration converts carbohydrates into usable energy and heat
e. only about half the energy available in an organism is transferred to the consumer that eats it.

  A. The second law of thermodynamics predicts that although localised areas may temporarily increase in the degree of order, the overall randomness of the universe will not decrease

Explanation:  The second law of thermodynamics is that the total entropy of a system can remain constant only in ideal cases, which is otherwise called thermodynamic equilibrium. It is understood that these systems are isolated. In addition, the entropy of the system and the environment can also be constant in the case of a reversible process. In all other, therefore real cases, the entropy of the system and the environment increases, that is, in real cases the process of increasing the entropy of the system and the environment is irreversible. The reason for the irreversibility of the process of increasing entropy is that all natural, that is, real processes are irreversible, as a consequence of the asymmetry of reality, that is, the asymmetry between what happened and what will happen, which is otherwise called the past and the future.