D) describe two different components of the cell that are essential for
maintaining homeostasis within the cell as a system.

The two components that helps to maintain the homeostasis of the cell are 1  Buffer system 2 Membrane transport process

Explanation:

1 Buffer system Buffer system helps to maintain a constant PH in addition to small amount of acid or base .There are many buffer system present inside  our body

A Bicarbonate buffer system helps to maintain concentration of carbon di oxide, bicarbonate ion and Carbonic acid according to our body"s need.

B Phosphate buffer system

C Hemoglobin buffer system This buffer system helps too maintain normal O2/CO2 ratio of our body which is very much important of maintain our body"s homeostasis.

2 Membrane Transport process  Various ion channels of plasma membrane sych as Na+ K+ ATPase,Ca2+ATPase ,H+ ATPase helps maintain ionic homeostasis of our body.