Avery common type of red/green color blindness in humans is caused by a mutation in a gene located on the x chromosome. knowing that the mutant allele is recessive to the wild-type, what is the probability that the son of a woman whose father is colorblind is going to also be colorblind?
a) 0%
b) 25%
c) 50%
d) 75%
e) 50%

What are the characteristics of carbon bonds? check all that apply.

According to the rna world hypothesis, rna acted as the genetic material and catalyzed reactions in ancient cells. what conclusion can you draw from this?               a.  this implies that dna and proteins aren't essential in cells today.    b.  this implies that rna can catalyze any chemical reaction that enzymes catalyze.    c.  this implies that if a cell has a problem with its dna, its rna can compensate for the damaged dna.    d.  this implies that dna and proteins evolved after rna.

Kidney stones are tiny crystals of calcium or magnesium that block the narrow sections of the excretory system. which symptoms would a person with kidney stones experience? a. inability to store urine; pain in the bladder b. inability to store urine; pain in the urethra c. reduced urine flow; pain in the bladder d. reduced urine flow; pain in the urethra