One theory of human evolution suggests that homo erectus evolved directly into homo sapiens (humans), after which point homo erectus became extinct. if this is true, humans arose by
a. allopatric speciation
b. cladogenesis
c. anagenesis
d. parapatric speciation

The correct answer will be option-C.

Explanation:

The evolution of human species in which one species transformed into another species evolves by a mechanism known as anagenesis.

Anagenesis is the mechanism of evolution which transform one species into a different species within a lineage. This process is slow and takes time to form species, therefore, is also known as gradualism or phyletic transformation.

The Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus where Homo sapiens overwrites the ancestral species and caused the species to become  extinct.

Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.

from the original order (top to bottom) the new order will go

1 (founder)

4 (hawk)

2 (mutate)

3 (next generation)