Cells are more susceptible to penicillin than cells because the thick cell walls of gram-positive cells are critical for their function. gram-negative cells also contain an which excludes small molecules, such as antibiotics.

Gram positive bacteria is more susceptible to penicillin because the peptidoglycan, which forms the cell wall, is directly exposed to the drug. On the other hand, gram negative cell walls have a layer of lipopolysaccharide, and a few other layers, and then the peptidoglycan is there. Therefore, for the penicillin to reach the gram negative peptidoglycan it has to travel through the other layers first

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