Question 1
which of the following can best explain why eukaryotic cells must use mechanisms other than diffusion to
transport materials around the cell?
in eukaryotic cells, materials can flow through microtubules
enzymes cannot attach to eukaryotic membran
random movement of molecules is not fast enough to disperse through the larger eukaryotic cell volume,
in eukaryotic cells, internal membranes get in the way and block diffusion

Random movement of molecules is not fast enough to disperse through the larger eukaryotic cell volume,

Explanation:

Eukaryotic clels are much bigger than prokaryotic cells. The latter may be 0.5 um while the former may be 100 um (which is more than 10X in comparative size). Prokaryotic cells, therefore, have a larger surface area to volume ration that suits them to use diffusion to eliminate waste and take up nutrients. However eukaryotic cells cannot adopt this mechanism due to their smaller surface area-to-volume ratio which would cause them to accumulate waste to toxicity levels. Eukaryotic cells, therefore, use additional vesicle transport to take up nutrient and eliminate waste in bulk.