In contrast to bryophytes, lycophytes, and monilophytes what specific advantage does pollen provide to seed plants in terms of their reproductive biology?

Evolution of pollen made seed plants to  reproduce independent of water.

Explanation:

Pollens are produced inside the microsporangia in seed plants and serve to carry the male gametes. Pollens are dispersed over long distances along with with air current, or ant biological pollinating agents such as insects.

Since pollen does not require the water to reach the female gametes, the evolution of pollen allowed the seed plants to reproduce independently of water. This was an adaptation towards life in dry habitats.

mountains can affect the climate of nearby lands. in some areas, mountains block rain, so that one side of a mountain range may be rainy and the other side may be a desert. much of airborne moisture falls as rain on the windward side of mountains.

explanation: