What is the role of the fda in regulating herbal supplements such as ephedra?

The ephedra sinica plant comprises ephedrine alkaloids, which are used in the herbal supplements. The ephedra instigates the CNS, and exhibit adrenaline like effect on the body, it opens the blood vessels, excites the nervous system, and stimulates the heart.  

However, FDA, that is, the Food and Drug Administration is against the consumption of the product due to its regular complaints in comparison to any other dietary supplements used in the market. It has been found that the consumption of ephedra based supplements has resulted in intracerebral hemorrhage, cardiac effects, mania, and even death.  

Due to such issues, the FDA has issued an ultimate rule in 2004 by preventing the sale of the ephedra-containing supplements as the use of such supplements has resulted in an irrational threat of injury or illness.  

ecological efficiency: % of usable energy transferred as

biomass from one trophic level to the next typical is 10% efficient (90% of

energy is lost),is diagramed as the pyramid of energy flow. then osprey eagle

are tertiary consumer and the shrimp are primary consumer, so to balance

mass of shrimp (1/0.1) / 0.1 = 100 kg