Is a factor that’s effected by changes in the independent variable

the dependent variable

Explanation:

lets say you're investigating the affect sunlight has on plant growth(measured by height).

If you have two plants, you're putting one in sunlight and one in complete shade. The amount of light you're giving is independent, since the amount of light doesn't change because of how much the plant grows. But, since the plant needs light to grow, it will grow more or less depending on how much light it has

the transfer of energy between two molecules spaced just nanometers apart plays a key role in many technologies, including photovoltaics, quantum information systems, lighting, and sensors, as well as in biophysics to measure nanometer distances and in photosynthesis. but an open question in this area is what effect, if any, the surrounding photonic environment has on this nanoscale energy transfer. by designing and performing a carefully controlled experiment to answer this question, scientists have settled the debate and found clues to improving the efficiency of many of the technologies that rely on this process.

explanation:

your answer is "the 1950's"