Why are well-defined reading frames critical in protein synthesis? a. without a well-defined reading frame, the mrna would be transcribed back into dna. b. without a well-defined reading frame, the ribosome is unable to bind to the mrna. c. without a well-defined reading frame, the peptide made from a given sequence could be completely different. d. without a well-defined reading frame, the resulting protein would be transported to the cell surface.

C

Explanation:

During the translation of an mRNA, it is read in a sequence of three nucleotides called codons. Therefore, a single strand of DNA or RNA will have three reading frames.  Only one is biologically relevant and is referred to as the open reading frame because it is translated to the ideal protein. A shift in the reading of the frame can result in a wrong peptide.

they both go up but then go back down. they both end lower than they started. lastly, they both are competitive/the second on.

explanation:

igneous rocks which formed by the crystallization of magma at the surface of the earth called extrusive rocks. they are characterized by fine-grained textures because the rapid cooling at or near the surface did not provide enough time for large crystals to grow.