The y chromosome is believed to have evolved from the x chromosome by a series of steps, including all of the following except: a. suppression of crossing over, keeping the maleness gene associated with other male trait genes. b. mutations at other genes affecting male traits. c. a mutation on a proto-x chromosome causing maleness d. degeneration of other genes due to lack of crossing over. e. actually, all of these are proposed steps in the evolution of the y chromosome.

Athermometer is placed in water in order to measure the water’s temperature. what would cause the liquid in the thermometer to rise?

Pls me i need this ! each cell has genes activated depending on it's job and what kind of cell it is. it is the presence of that causes the repressor protein to fall off and unblock the gene on the lac operon. if a gene is turned on then it is being an additional circular chromosome found in some bacteria that is used in genetic engineering.

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.