In east java, indonesia, a mud volcano has been erupting since 2006. one controversial hypothesis is that the mud volcano in east java is erupting because a gas mining company was drilling a deep hole nearby. when a mud volcano erupts, hot water deep below the earth's surface mixes with various minerals, and this mud spews out over the surface of the earth. the hot mud flow destroys organismal habitats, including the homes and livelihoods of people. when the mud volcano stops erupting, the disturbed area will be colonized by a variety of species. this process of colonization is called

Ecological succession (secondary)

Explanation:

Ecological succession is a process by which ecosystem changes and develops during a certain period of time. There are two types of succession:

After a certain disaster, pioneer plants and animals are the one that appear first and colonize previously damaged place. The community becomes more stable and complex during time until it reaches the stage of climax community (steady stage).

the most common type of reef is the fringing reef. this type of reef grows seaward directly from the shore. they form borders along the shoreline and surrounding islands.