Different species of fruit flies occupy each of the islands in the hawaiian island chain, a group of volcanic islands that formed one after the other. one hypothesis for how the different fruit fly species formed is that, after each new island was formed, fruit flies from existing islands colonized it and subsequently diverged. if this hypothesis is correct, it would be an example of: allopatric speciation by dispersal. sympatric speciation by dispersal. sympatric speciation by vicariance. peripatric speciation by vicariance. allopatric speciation by vicariance.

allopatric speciation by dispersal

Explanation:

Allopatric speciation is a form of speciation (creation of new species) that occurs as a result of geographic isolation. This means that a part of population becomes physically separated from the initial main population. There is no gene flow between these two populations and as a result the two populations  reach a high level  of genetic divergence. They can no longer interbreed which means they become two different species (speciation).

One of the factors that contribute to the allopatric speciation is dispersal.

New populations evolve as result of mutation, genetic drift and natural selection.

well the answer is 2!