Describe the structure of the nephron and explain the role of each part of a nephron in creating urine (5 points)

Each kidney has approximately 1 million nephrons. Each nephron consists of 2 parts: 1. Glomerulus; 2. Renal tubules

Explanation:

The glomerulus is a capillary type branching network formed from the renal arterioles which originates from the renal artery and is involved in the filtration of blood.

Renal tubules has the following parts:

i) Bowman's capsule: It is a double layered cup like structure. Bowman's capsule along with glomerulus forms the malphigian corpuscle or renal body.

ii) Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT): It forms a highly coiled network.

iii) Henle's loop: It is hairpin shaped part of tubule which has a descending and an ascending limb.

iv) Distal convoluted tubule (DCT): It is also a highly coiled tubular region.