Which of the following is the most common type of hydrolysis damage in the cell? a. deamination of thymidineb. breakage of the glycosidic linkage between the pyrimidines and the dna backbonec. removal of cytosine from the dna backbone to create an abasic sited. deamination of cytosine to uracile. none of the damage types given is known to occur in cells.

D. deamination of cytosine to uracil

Explanation:

Hydrolytic DNA damage is usually a consequence of metabolic reactions and the most common example of this type of damage is hydrolysis of cytosine into uracil with the release of ammonia. This damage can be fixed by the cell's DNA repair system:removal of uracil  by an enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase and consequently generation of an abasic (AP) site.  AP endonucleases recognise AP site and break a phosphodiester bond so that lesion can be replaced with another cytosine.

poor water quality affects most estuarine organisms, including commercially important fish and shellfish. the pollutants that have the greatest impact on the health of estuaries include toxic substances like chemicals and heavy metals, nutrient pollution (or eutrophication), and pathogens such as bacteria or viruses.

false because ozone (o3) depletion does not cause global warming, but both of these environmental problems have a common cause: human activities that release pollutants into the atmosphere altering it.

global warming is caused primarily by putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere when coal, oil, and natural gas are burned to generate electricity or to run our cars.

explanation: