The frequency of a particular lethal recessive allele in a population is 0.02. given this information, calculate the percentage of individuals who are carriers of the lethal recessive allele. because you know the frequency of the recessive allele is 0.02, you can determine the frequency of the dominant allele: 1 - 0.02 = 0.98. once you know p and q, which factor of the hardy-weinberg equation will give you the frequency of heterozygotes?

2pq

Explanation:

Hardy-Weinberg equation is p2+2pq+q2=1 (p+q=1).

p2 represents frequency of dominant homozygous (p is dominant allele), 2pq represents the frequency of heterozygous, q2 represents the frequency of recessive homozygous (q is the recessive allele).

So, in the example above, the frequency of heterozygous is 2*0.98*0.2=0.392

enzyme active site and substrate specificity

enzymes bind with chemical reactants called substrates. there may be one or more substrates for each type of enzyme, depending on the particular chemical reaction. in some reactions, a single-reactant substrate is broken down into multiple products

before, trains worked using the steam engine. thus, it uses heat so it is crucial to apply heat balance. the steam engine absorbs energy during the stage of boiling water. so, this is the endothermic reaction. when the steam is used to work the piston, it has to release this energy through running the train. the excess energy is released as an exhaust to the chimney. this is the exothermic process because it releases energy to the surroundings.