Which anatomical description is true of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Parasympathetic nervous systemSympathetic nervous system

IntroductionThe parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general function is to control homeostasis and the body's rest-and-digest response.The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Its general action is to mobilize the body's fight-or-flight response.

FunctionControl the body's response while at rest.Control the body's response during perceived threat.

Originates inSacral region of spinal cord, medulla, cranial nerves 3, 7, 9, and 10Thoracic and lumbar regions of spinal cord

Activates response ofRest and digestFight-or-flight

Neuron PathwaysLonger pathways, slower systemVery short neurons, faster system

General Body ResponseCounterbalance; restores body to state of calm.Body speeds up, tenses up, becomes more alert. Functions not critical to survival shut down.

Cardiovascular System (heart rate)Decreases heart rateIncreases contraction, heart rate

Pulmonary System (lungs)Bronchial tubes constrictBronchial tubes dilate

Musculoskeletal SystemMuscles relaxMuscles contract

PupilsConstrictDilate

Gastrointestinal SystemIncreases stomach movement and secretionsDecreases stomach movement and secretions

Salivary GlandsSaliva production increasesSaliva production decreases

Adrenal GlandNo involvementReleases adrenaline

Glycogen to Glucose ConversionNo involvementIncreases; converts glycogen to glucose for muscle energy

Urinary ResponseIncrease in urinary outputDecrease in urinary output

Neurotransmittersneurons are cholinergic: acetylcholineneurons are mostly adrenergic: epinephrine / norepinephrine (acetylcholine)