Why type of physical weathering is caused by the expansion of water?

Freeze and Thaw effect

Explanation:

Physical weathering refers to the breaking down of rocks by agents such as water, wind, and ice. Water plays an important role in the weathering of rocks. The rocks often contain crack in them. During precipitation, the water is trapped in these fractures. The water freezes and starts expanding. This increases the volume of water by 9%. As a result of which it exerts pressure causing the rock to break. This type of physical weathering process is known as the freeze and thaw effect.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

c. is the correct answer