Over time, some organisms have co-evolved so they mutually benefit and depend upon one another. many plants, for example, have developed adaptations in order to attract specific animals that can spread their pollen or seeds and ensure the plant's reproductive success.

which of the following is an example of this type of co-evolution?
a.
a flower develops a yellow and blue color, so it can be seen by bees which are attracted to these colors.

b.
a flower develops a musty odor and only opens at night to attract nocturnal bats with a similar odor.

c.
a flower develops a large, flat surface to attract butterflies that prefer to perch as they feed.

d.
all of these

Hunting in the darksome fish rely on senses beyond sight. in the darkness of the marianas trench, a fish called the rattail has an extremely sensitive sense of smell. the fish uses scent, rather than sight, to steer toward food. once it's near food, the rattail uses a special organ on the bottom of its chin to guide itself by feel.marine snowone staple of the deep sea diet is "marine snow," flakes of organic, edible substances that sink down from the upper ocean. animals at the ocean's bottom find sustenance in everything from the bodies of dead creatures to fecal matter. marine snow is diverse enough to support numerous species. for instance, several species of snails and worms feed exclusively on deceased whales.microorganismsthe deep sea is an intricate ecosystem, and even the ocean floor itself plays a part. hydrothermal vents are cracks in the sea floor where erupting magma mixes with ocean water to produce plumes of hot, sulfur-rich chemicals. some microbes can use these chemicals for energy, sustaining their existence and that of the animals who depend on their roles in the deep sea food chain.