The base of a phospholipid bilayer cake is phospholipids, since they make most of the fluid mosaic model. phospholipids are made up of two different parts, one hydrophobic and one hydrophilic. which two elements located in the head of the phospholipids make it polar?

The phosphate groups in the hydrophilic head make it a polar region.

Since it is hydrophilic, it is water-soluble, and is attracted to the liquid.

The fluid mosaic model represents how phospholipids form a double layer as, while the hydrophilic heads join with water and other liquids in the cell, the hydrophobic tails are attracted to each other, forming a bilayer.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.