During dna replication, several natural proofreading mechanisms are in place to prevent an error from occurring. however, errors can occur occasionally. if the error is not fixed, it becomes a genetic mutation. how can a mutation affect protein synthesis by a cell? do you think there are different consequences if it happens in a gamete cell (sperm or egg) versus a non-gamete cell?

the answer on plato is:

genes are responsible for coding proteins, which are needed for all of our body functions and to build our body structures. so, a mutation could affect the way a protein is made. if the error occurs in the gamete cell, it could lead to a mutation in a growing fetus. because all cells in the body form from two fertilized gametes, this mutation may exist in all the cells of the developing baby. if it occurs in another cell, a skin cell, for example, then the mutation would be confined to the cells in the skin tissue.

The collared lizard is a species found in the desert southwest. male collared lizards show considerable color variation, ranging from brightly colored to a very dull pattern. your goal is to determine the function, if any, of male color patterns in collared lizards, using the scientific method. your tentative explanation is that male color plays a role in attracting females for mating purposes. you predict that females will preferentially choose brightly colored males over dull-colored ones. to test this prediction, you observed the interactions of female collared lizards with their male counterparts. you selected males that were the same age and size, and that differed only in their coloration pattern. you placed equal numbers of the two types of male lizards, bright and dull, in aquariums, along with one female lizard per aquarium. out of 350 aquariums observed, the female chose to mate with the brightly colored male 277 times, and the dull-colored male 70 times. in 3 instances, the females did not mate with either type. create a bar graph of your data, plotting the type of male (dull or brightly colored) on the x-axis. on the y-axis, plot the frequency with which each type of male was chosen by females. using this graph, answer the following question(s). is it reasonable to conclude (i. e., is it supported by the data) that female collared lizards prefer more brightly colored male lizards over dull-colored males?

The production of cells during mitosis into specialized function is recombination or differentiation

Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment