Bacteria provide genetic engineers with __ and __

Bacteria provide genetic engineers with _vector_ and _host_.

Vector are vehicles or carriers which are used to carry the gene of interest. They are usually plasmids which are bacterial circular genome which can replicate independently.

Hence bacterial plasmids are used for the insertion of gene of interest and its transfer to the host cell.

As plasmids is taken from the bacteria, so mostly bacteria is used as the host for the gene of interest.

tsd is temerature dependent sex determination.

tsd: it is a type of environmental sex determination in which the temperature experienced during embryonic/ larval development (ambient temperature for development) determine the sex of the offspring.

crocodile displays the tsd where the ambient temperature of the developing egg determines the individual's sex. for example in the american alligator's eggs, incubation at 33 ºc produces mostly males, while incubation at 30 ºc produces mostly females. so if the american alligator's egg will get the ambient temperature (33 degree celcius)during embryonic development from egg, the offspring will be male and same for the female sex determination.