Methods a and b are classified as methods of passive transport because they do not require

1 - ATP

Passive transport is characterised by being passive, in this case, not requiring any energy (ATP), opposite from the active transport

i think the answer would d

the diploid number of chromosomes is sometimes represented by the symbol 2n. for the fruit fly, the diploid number is 8, which can be written as 2n = 8, where n represents twice the number of chromosomes in a sperm or egg cell.