Suppose that a dominant allele (p) codes for a polka-dot tail and a recessive allele (p) codes for a solid colored tail. if two heterozygous individuals with polka-dot tails mate, what's the probability of the phenotype and genotype combinations of the offspring?
a. 25 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 75 percent chance of a solid colored tail (25 percent pp; 50 percent pp; 25 percent pp)
b. 75 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 25 percent chance of a solid colored tail (25 percent pp; 50 percent pp; 25 percent pp)
c. 75 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 25 percent chance of a solid colored tail (75 percent pp; 25 percent pp)
d. 50 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 50 percent chance of a solid colored tail (50 percent pp; 50 percent pp)

both anaerobic and aerobic respiration use glucose (or other carbohydrates), proteins and lipids to produce atp and nadh. cell uses those energy molecules, obtained from food and   breaks them down during the chemical reactions of respiration. in anaerobic respiration, nadh is regenerated to nad+ by enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (lactate is produced, e.g. in muscle cells) or by alcohol dehydrogenase where ethanol is produced (alcohol fermentation), while in aerobic respiration, electrons from nadh are deposited in the mitochondria to regenerate nad+ (electron transport chain. anaerobic respiration produces 2 atp per molecule of glucose compared to aerobic respiration where about 38 atp molecules are produced.

white blood cells or wbc s are mainly 2 types-

1.agranulocytes

2.granulocytes

the monocytes or macrophages of agranulocytes , dendritic cells which are accessory leucocytes, and b cells which is one type of lymphocytes   identify the antigens present on the pathogen's surface. these three cells are called antigen presenting cells(apc) which are phagocytes and destroy the antigens by secreting antitoxins. besides this leukocyte is always plays vital role in the immunity of the body.