Distinguish between the source of h+ in the electron transport chain in photosynthesis and respiration

In photosynthesis, photolysis of water at photo-system II provides high energy electrons as well as protons to the system.

Thus, the main source of protons in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis is water.  

In addition, protons from the stromal side are also pumped into the lumen in order to develop a proton gradient.

In the electron transport chain of respiration, energy provided by NADH and FADH₂ is used by the complexes ( associated with ETC) to pump the protons present in the mitochondrial matrix into the inter-membrane space.

the principle of segregation describes how pairs of gene variants are separated into reproductive cells. from his data, mendel formulated the principle of segregation. we now know that the segregation of genes occurs during meiosis in eukaryotes, which is a process that produces reproductive cells called gametes.