What do gradualism and punctuated equilibrium have in common?

They are both explanations of the rate of evolutionary change.

Explanation:

Gradualism is that evolution occurs at a slow and steady pace. Gradualism brings small variation to particular species, it occurs over a long period of time.

In punctuated equilibrium, change comes in spurts. Punctuated Equilibrium is the time in which species are stable but now and then there is a disruptive event that promotes frequent changes.

the correct answer is 4) heat and pressure

metamorphic rocks arise from transformation of existing rocks types, in a process called metamorphism. during metamorphism the original rock(prolith) change into metamorphic rock by heating (150-200c) and pressure of more than 1000 bar. the original rock can be sedimentary, igneous, or existing metamorphic rock.

bacterium is not correct