What prevents the full intake of calcium in milk?

Monarch butterflies have brightly colored orange wings with black patterns on them, making them easily visible to birds that eat butterflies and moths, yet birds rarely eat the monarchs. likewise, the monarch caterpillars are brightly striped yellow and white and black, and they also are rarely eaten by birds, although some wasps will attack them and feed them to their young. what can be inferred from these observations? monarchs must threaten and attack birds, but not wasps. monarchs have a way of discouraging bird predation that does not involve hiding. monarchs’ wings are so colorful that most birds must find them difficult to eat. monarchs lay more eggs than other less conspicuous butterflies.

There are two tomato plantlets one of them is kept in an oxygen chamber with a light source and another is kept in sunlight. both of them are watered regularly what will be the observation after two weeks

Which property is best to use when determining the strength of an ionic bond in a solid lattice energy conductivity hardness solubility