Julie is studying the clearing of tropical rain forests in brazil. the land is being cleared for farming, but the poor quality of the soil limits the productivity of the farms. julie is trying to evaluate the claim that if one of the new farms is abandoned, an ecosystem that is similar to the original rain forest will return to the land. which statement is most useful for julie to cite in her evaluation of this claim? a. secondary succession always restores the original climax community. b. primary succession always restores the original climax community. c. secondary succession may not restore the original climax community when the soil structure and microbiome is damaged. d. primary succession never restores the original climax community, due to the local extinction of the original species.

The answer is A. Secondary succession always restores the original climax community.

The land of tropical rain forest is cleared for farming by changing the community structure, without removing the soil, then secondary succession will cause the disturbed ecosystem of rain forest returns to its original climax community. It is because secondary succession generally occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously existed  and is faster than primary succession.

the answer is:

carbon dioxide

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.