There are relatively few different types of macromolecular monomers. what is an advantage of constructing protein and carbohydrate macromolecules and the nucleic acids as polymers?

The main advantage of monomers or basic subunits of macromolecules is their simplicity. The simple monomeric subunits from which all proteinsnucleic acids, fats and carbohydratesare constructed are few in number and identical in all living species.These simple monomerc units can be linked in many different combinations (different covalent bonds) to produce complex biological polymers with different functions.

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave