How is a covalent bond formed? an atom gives one or more of its electrons away to another atom. two atoms share a pair of electrons in their outer shell. valence electrons move freely through a set of positively charged ions. two atoms chemically react to create a single atom of another element.

Covalent bonds form when atoms share their valence electrons with other atoms to become a more stable molecule.

Explanation: Atoms form covalent bonds as a result of the Octet Rule. The Octet Rule states that all atoms in a molecule need to have eight electrons in their valence shell. This rule can be satisfied by sharing, losing or gaining electrons. A covalent bond allows atoms to satisfy the Octet Rule via sharing.

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you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.