Why is fractional distillation better than simple distillation?

With simple distillation you can separate two liquids of different booking points.The one with the lowest boiling point boils first travels as a gas along a tube called a condenser and is cooled here, because the condenser tube is kept cool. The gas and condenses and falls as a liquid into a separate container. Liquids should not be too close in boiling points. Bigger than a 50 degree difference is best.

Fractional distillation separates many liquids e.g. the liquids of crude oil. Because they have different boiling points, the substances in crude oil can be separated using fractional distillation. The crude oil is evaporated and its vapours allowed to condense at different temperatures in a fractionating column.

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