Fossil records show that the size of black bears in europe increased during each glacial period and decreased during the interglacial periods. identify the type of selection that occurred during each period and discuss how the type of selection supports the claim that a single environmental factor can yield a variety of phenotypic responses from different genotypes within a population.

Approximately 90% of all cases of polycystic kidney disease are inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. the disease is typically related to mutations to genes (pkd1 and pkd2). pkd genes can be found on chromosome 16. the disease occurs in approximately 1: 800 to 1: 1000 people. here is a hypothetical example. the dominant allele d will cause the development of pkd. the recessive allele is known as d. what genotypes would correspond to suffering from pkd? dd, dd what genotypes would correspond to being normal (not suffering from pkd)? dd consider that 1: 1,000 people have pkd in your population of 325million. consider that pkd is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. show you math for all of the following questions: what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is the genotypic frequency for dd? what is p? what is q? how many people in your population would have pkd?

When a human or animal consumes food, the carbon in that food is most likely to be converted into which of the following elements? a. carbon remains carbon b. nitrogen c. oxygen d. hydrogen

If animal agriculture was eliminated, how much grain would become available for human consumption?